Maryland is one of the best-paying states for teachers in the United States — a fact backed by multiple years of National Education Association (NEA) data, confirmed by the MSDE’s own Professional Salary Schedules, and supercharged by the ambitious Blueprint for Maryland’s Future, which mandates a $60,000 minimum teacher salary beginning July 1, 2026 and adds $17,000 in bonuses for National Board Certified Teachers.
In the most recent full-year data available, Maryland’s average teacher salary of $74,260 (NEA 2023-24 data, released 2024) ranked 8th nationally. Maryland’s average starting salary of $51,548 ranked 5th nationally — more than $7,000 above the national average of $44,530 (NEA 2023-24). Maryland’s average top teacher salary of $108,829 (NEA 2024-25 Benchmark) ranked 4th nationally, trailing only the District of Columbia, California, and Washington.
The most recent MSEA update (June 2025) reports that Maryland’s average teacher salary jumped 6.2% from 2022-23 to 2023-24 — the 10th best annual improvement nationally. That growth rate leapfrogged Maryland past New Jersey in the national rankings to 7th place for average teacher salary.
This is a significant development: New Jersey has historically been among the nation’s top teacher-paying states, and Maryland’s overtaking of it signals the genuine momentum created by the Blueprint for Maryland’s Future legislation.
Yet Maryland’s strong salary rankings exist alongside a documented teacher shortage crisis. The 2024-25 school year began with 1,619 teacher vacancies. Six thousand seventy-four teachers — approximately 10% of Maryland’s entire teaching workforce — are operating with a conditional teaching license.
Twenty-eight teacher shortage areas have been formally designated by the U.S. Department of Education for 2023-24, up from 17 five years earlier. The Blueprint’s salary reforms and incentives are explicitly designed to address this contradiction between above-average pay and a persistent inability to fill positions.
Average Teacher Salary: Multi-Year Trend and National Context
Multi-Year Average Salary Trend
| School Year | MD Avg. Teacher Salary | National Average | MD National Rank | % Change MD | Source |
| 2022-23 | $70,000 (est.) | $68,469 | 8th (est.) | — | Baseline estimate |
| 2023-24 | $74,260 | $72,030 | 8th (NEA) / 7th (MSEA) | 6.2% | Patch/NEA May 2024; MSEA June 2025; NEA 2025 data |
| 2024-25 | $76,800 (est.) | $74,495 | 7th (est.) | 3.5% est. | NEA 2026 national avg; MSEA 7th-place ranking |
Sources: Patch.com/NEA 2024 report (May 2, 2024) — $74,260 / 8th nationally; MSEA ‘How Does Your Pay Compare?’ (marylandeducators.org, June 25, 2025) — 7th nationally / 6.2% increase; NEA Teacher Pay 2026 (nea.org, May 2026) — national avg $74,495 for 2024-25.
Maryland’s Salary vs. National Average: The Context
Maryland’s average teacher salary has consistently exceeded the national average by a meaningful margin. In 2023-24, Maryland’s $74,260 was approximately 3.1% above the national average of $72,030. More importantly, Maryland’s 6.2% year-over-year salary growth outpaced the 5% national average increase from 2022-23 to 2023-24, accelerating the gap in Maryland’s favor.
The MSEA president Paul Lemle credited strong teacher unions for this performance: ‘States with strong unions attract and sustain their educators far better than other states.’ The NEA’s 2024-25 Teacher Salary Benchmark Report confirms this pattern nationally: teachers earn 24% more in states where they have collective bargaining rights.
Sources: MSEA ‘How Does Your Pay Compare?’ (marylandeducators.org, June 2025) — 6.2% / 10th best annual improvement / 7th nationally; NEA 2024-25 Teacher Salary Benchmark Report (nea.org, April 2026) — 24% collective bargaining advantage.
Maryland’s Average Teacher Salary vs. All 50 States
The following table shows how Maryland compares to other top-paying states using the most recent NEA data available:
| Rank | State | Avg. Teacher Salary (2024-25) | Notes |
| 1 | California | $103,552 | Highest in nation; strong CB laws |
| 2 | New York | $98,655 | — |
| 3 | Washington | $96,589 | — |
| 4 | Massachusetts | $91,523 | — |
| 5 | New Jersey | $88,000 (est.) | Maryland leapfrogged NJ in 2023-24 per MSEA |
| 6 | Connecticut | $86,000 (est.) | — |
| 7 (est.) | Maryland | $76,800 (est. 2024-25) | 7th per MSEA June 2025; $74,260 in 2023-24 |
| National avg. | United States | $74,495 | NEA 2026 report |
| Bottom | Mississippi | $54,975 | Lowest in nation |
Sources: NEA Teacher Pay and Per Student Spending 2026 (nea.org, May 2, 2026) — national avg $74,495; California $103,552; New York $98,655; Washington $96,589; Mississippi $54,975; MSEA (June 2025) — Maryland 7th nationally.
Starting Teacher Salary: Maryland Ranks 5th Nationally
Maryland’s starting teacher salary is one of the state’s most compelling recruitment advantages. At $51,548 average starting salary (NEA 2023-24 data), Maryland ranked 5th nationally — more than $7,000 above the national average of $44,530 for that year.
| Maryland Starting Teacher Salary — Key Facts |
| AVERAGE STARTING SALARY (2023-24): $51,548 — per NEA data reported in Maryland State Wire (October 11, 2025) and Moreland University (February 2025) |
| NATIONAL RANK: 5th among all 50 states (NEA 2023-24) |
| NATIONAL AVERAGE STARTING SALARY (2023-24): $44,530 — Maryland exceeds by $7,018 |
| NATIONAL AVERAGE STARTING SALARY (2024-25): $48,112 — per NEA 2024-25 Benchmark Report |
| BLUEPRINT IMPACT: Beginning July 1, 2026, the minimum starting salary for ALL Maryland teachers rises to $60,000 per the Blueprint for Maryland’s Future — this will further strengthen Maryland’s position in the national starting salary rankings |
| LIVING WAGE CONTEXT: Despite ranking 5th, Maryland State Wire (Oct 2025) notes the $51,548 average starting salary ‘falls short of the state’s minimum living wage of $59,562, leaving many educators struggling financially despite their professional qualifications’ |
| TEACHER PAY PENALTY: Economic Policy Institute data cited by Maryland State Wire shows teachers earn 23.5% less than other college-educated workers with similar experience — a gap that persists even in high-paying states like Maryland |
| Sources: Maryland State Wire (mdstatewire.com, Oct 11, 2025); Moreland University (moreland.edu, Feb 28, 2025); NEA 2023-24 Salary Benchmark; Blueprint for Maryland’s Future (teach.maryland.gov). |
Starting Salary Trend
| Year | MD Avg. Starting Salary | National Avg. Starting | MD Rank | Source |
| 2022-23 | $49,000 (est.) | $44,530 | ~5th | Baseline estimate |
| 2023-24 | $51,548 | $46,526 | 5th | NEA 2023-24 Benchmark; Moreland University (Feb 2025) |
| 2024-25 (national) | $53,000 (est.) | $48,112 | ~5th (est.) | NEA 2024-25 Benchmark; MSEA 7th-place improvement |
| 2026 (minimum, Blueprint) | $60,000 (minimum) | N/A | Blueprint mandate | Blueprint for Maryland’s Future (teach.maryland.gov) |
Sources: Moreland University (moreland.edu, Feb 2025); NEA 2023-24 Benchmark (April 2025); NEA 2024-25 Benchmark (April 2026); Blueprint for Maryland (teach.maryland.gov).
Top Teacher Salary: Maryland Ranks 4th Nationally
Maryland’s competitive advantage extends to career earnings as well as starting pay. Per the NEA 2024-25 Teacher Salary Benchmark Report (April 2026): Maryland’s average top teacher salary of $108,829 ranks 4th nationally, trailing only the District of Columbia ($133,623), California ($118,850), and Washington ($117,425).
This is a critical data point for career salary planning. The top teacher salary in Maryland — representing experienced, master’s-degree-holding teachers at the top of their district’s salary schedule — exceeds $100,000 in most major Maryland districts and surpasses $125,000+ in Montgomery County for veteran educators.
The NEA Benchmark Report notes: ‘All five [of the top-paying states] have state collective bargaining laws that allow public sector workers, including teachers, to negotiate.’
| Rank | State | Avg. Top Teacher Salary (2024-25) |
| 1 | District of Columbia | $133,623 |
| 2 | California | $118,850 |
| 3 | Washington | $117,425 |
| 4 | Maryland | $108,829 |
| 5 | Massachusetts | $105,909 |
| National Average | United States | $87,331 |
Source: NEA 2024-25 Teacher Salary Benchmark Report (nea.org/sites/default/files/2026-04/2024-2025-teacher-salary-benchmark-report-final-new.pdf, April 2026) — Maryland $108,829 / 4th nationally; national avg top $87,331 / 3.6% increase from $84,272 in 2023-24.
Salary by District: MSDE Professional Salary Schedules
Maryland teacher salaries vary significantly by school district (LEA). The MSDE publishes annual Professional Salary Schedules for all 24 Maryland county school systems and Baltimore City, available at the MSDE Data Center. The 2025-26 schedules were published in the MSDE Professional Salary Schedules document (marylandpublicschools.org).
Key District Salary Highlights (2025-26)
Per the MSDE Professional Salary Schedules for 2025-26 and Bethesda Magazine (September 2025):
- Montgomery County Public Schools (MCPS): Bethesda Magazine reported that MCPS teachers earned the highest average salaries in the state. The article notes MCPS operates with a $3.6 billion operating budget and offers salary schedules effective July 1, 2025. Montgomery County consistently leads Maryland in teacher compensation.
- Baltimore City (BCPSS): Baltimore City uses a unique salary structure: ‘Baltimore City does not have separate scales based on degree attained. Employee of any degree level can be placed anywhere on the scale based on years of experience.’ (MSDE Salary Schedules note, 2024-25 and 2025-26.)
- Dorchester County: ‘Dorchester County salaries are the same for all steps due to a mutual agreement between the Dorchester County Board of Education and the Teachers Association.’ (MSDE 2025-26 Salary Schedules note.)
- National Board Certification premium: All LEAs are noted: ‘Eligible teachers will receive increases to their base salary based on National Board Certification status as defined in the Blueprint for Maryland’s Future.’ (MSDE 2024-25 and 2025-26 Salary Schedule notes.)
Sources: MSDE Professional Salary Schedules 2025-26 (marylandpublicschools.org/about/Documents/DCAA/SSP/20252026Staff/2026-Professional-Salary-Schedules-A.pdf); MSDE 2024-25 Salary Schedules; Bethesda Magazine (Sept 17, 2025) — MCPS highest average salaries.
Salary Schedule Structure Across Maryland
Per the MSDE Professional Salary Schedules: Maryland collects and reports ‘minimum and maximum salaries for Maryland public school teachers’ along with degree-based salary schedules (bachelor’s and master’s degree scales). Key structural notes:
- Most LEAs have separate salary lanes for bachelor’s degree (SPC/IPL/PL) and master’s degree holders
- Some LEAs have additional lanes for the Advanced Professional License (APL) and combinations like ‘Master’s Equivalent with or without Advanced Professional License’
- Years of experience drive step increases within each lane
- National Board Certification triggers additional salary increases per Blueprint mandates
- ‘Some LEAs may not have separate pay lanes for IPL/PL/APL; teachers may be placed on the scale based on educational attainment’ (2025-26 salary schedule notes)
Source: MSDE Professional Salary Schedules 2025-26 (marylandpublicschools.org) — all structural notes quoted directly.
How Maryland’s Salary Lane System Works
Maryland teacher salaries advance through two dimensions: experience (step increases for each year of service) and educational attainment (lane changes when degree level advances). Understanding this system is essential for career financial planning.
Salary Lanes
- Bachelor’s Degree Lane (SPC/IPL/PL): Entry lane; all new teachers start here unless they hold a qualifying master’s degree
- Master’s Degree Lane: Higher salary lane for teachers with a master’s degree; the difference between the bachelor’s and master’s lane at comparable experience levels can represent $3,000-$8,000+ per year in most Maryland districts
- Advanced Professional License (APL) Lane: Some districts offer an additional salary recognition for APL holders
- National Board Certification: Per Blueprint mandates, triggers additional salary above the base schedule (see Section 10)
Step Increases
Within each lane, teachers receive annual step increases based on years of teaching experience. Maryland districts typically recognize years of prior teaching experience for new hires — meaning a career changer who taught in another state for 5 years may be placed higher on the experience scale than a true first-year teacher. Check your specific district’s policies on experience recognition with HR upon hire.
✔ Financial Planning Tip: Earning a master’s degree early in your career is the single most controllable salary advancement lever. A teacher who transitions to the master’s degree lane in Year 2 vs. Year 10 of their career captures 8 additional years of the master’s degree premium — which in major Maryland districts can represent $40,000-$80,000 in additional lifetime earnings, plus a higher pension calculation.
The Blueprint for Maryland’s Future: Transforming Teacher Pay
The Blueprint for Maryland’s Future is the most consequential education reform legislation in Maryland in decades, and its implications for teacher salary and compensation are transformative. Enacted in 2021 and phasing in over a decade, the Blueprint represents a $3.8 billion investment in Maryland’s education system.
| Blueprint for Maryland’s Future — Teacher Salary Provisions |
| MINIMUM SALARY — $60,000 by July 1, 2026: ‘Under the Blueprint, all Maryland teachers will earn a salary of at least $60,000 beginning in 2026. This means that new teachers in some Maryland counties will see an increase of almost $15,000 over current rates.’ (Teach Maryland / Blueprint) |
| 10% STATE BASELINE INCREASE: ‘10% state increase in baseline teacher salaries across the board, phased in by July 1, 2024’ (MSEA Blueprint explainer) — the 6.2% salary growth from 2022-23 to 2023-24 reflects this phase-in |
| NATIONAL BOARD CERTIFICATION BONUS — $10,000: Additional $10,000 salary for teachers who achieve National Board Certification (from NBPTS) |
| LOW-PERFORMING SCHOOL BONUS — $7,000: Additional $7,000 for NBCT teachers who teach at an identified low-performing school (maximum total NBCT bonus: $17,000) |
| CAREER LADDERS: LEA career ladders were to be adopted by July 2024, creating a leadership track for teachers staying in the classroom with standards for advancement and compensation |
| RATIONALE: ‘Recognizing that the most critical school-based factor to a student’s success is the educator in front of the classroom, the Blueprint focuses on the teaching profession as part of the High-Quality and Diverse Teachers and Leaders Pillar’ |
| Sources: Blueprint for Maryland’s Future (teach.maryland.gov and blueprint.marylandpublicschools.org); MSEA Blueprint Explainer (marylandeducators.org); Maryland Matters (Jan 10, 2025); MSDE Teacher Workforce report (May 2024). |
The $60,000 Minimum Salary Mandate (July 2026)
The Blueprint’s most immediately impactful salary provision is the $60,000 minimum annual teacher salary, effective July 1, 2026. This mandate will particularly benefit teachers in lower-paying Maryland counties where starting salaries may currently be below $60,000.
- Effective date: July 1, 2026 — the start of the 2026-27 school year
- Scope: Applies to all Maryland public school teachers statewide
- Impact magnitude: ‘New teachers in some Maryland counties will see an increase of almost $15,000 over current rates’ (Teach Maryland / Blueprint)
- Context: Maryland’s current average starting salary of $51,548 (NEA 2023-24) will be below the new $60,000 minimum — meaning the mandate will require statewide starting salary increases averaging approximately $8,500+ per teacher in the lowest-paying districts
The $60,000 minimum also signals a clear policy position: teaching in Maryland should provide a salary above the state’s minimum living wage of $59,562 (income needed for a family of one adult and one child to have a modest but adequate standard of living in the most affordable metro area).
The Blueprint explicitly acknowledges this gap — the current $51,548 average starting salary falls below this living wage threshold, creating a financial hardship for early-career teachers, particularly those with student loan debt.
Sources: Blueprint for Maryland’s Future (teach.maryland.gov/Pages/blueprint.aspx); Maryland State Wire (Oct 11, 2025) — living wage context; Teach Maryland (teach.maryland.gov).
National Board Certification Salary Incentives (Up to $17,000)
The Blueprint for Maryland’s Future created the most substantial National Board Certification (NBCT) salary incentive structure in the nation — a powerful financial motivation for Maryland teachers to pursue NBPTS certification.
The NBCT Incentive Structure
- $10,000 base bonus: All Maryland teachers who achieve National Board Certification receive $10,000 in additional annual salary above their base schedule
- $7,000 low-performing school bonus: NBCT teachers who teach at an ‘identified low-performing school’ receive an additional $7,000
- Maximum total: $17,000 in additional annual salary for NBCT teachers at identified low-performing schools
- MSDE Professional Salary Schedule note: ‘NOTE: Eligible teachers will receive increases to their base salary based on National Board Certification status as defined in the Blueprint for Maryland’s Future.’ (2024-25 and 2025-26 salary schedules)
Impact on NBCT Participation
Per MSDE’s Teacher Workforce Report (May 2024): ‘Since the Blueprint established National Board Certification (NBC) salary increases in the 2021-2022 school year, there has been a dramatic increase in the number of program participants.’
This documents a direct cause-and-effect relationship between the financial incentive and increased NBCT uptake — exactly what the Blueprint’s designers intended.
The career financial impact of Maryland’s NBCT incentive is substantial. A teacher who earns NBCT at age 35 and teaches until age 60 (25 more years) earns an additional $250,000 in base NBCT bonuses alone — not counting the 10-year renewal cycle maintenance, the additional benefit from renewing at a higher base salary, or the pension calculation implications of the higher salary.
Sources: Blueprint for Maryland’s Future (blueprint.marylandpublicschools.org/hqdtl/); Maryland Matters (Jan 10, 2025) — $10,000 NBCT + $7,000 low-performing school; MSDE Teacher Workforce Supply, Demand, and Diversity Report (May 2024) — ‘dramatic increase in participants.
Career Ladder and Compensation Reforms
Beyond base salary and the NBCT bonus, the Blueprint for Maryland’s Future establishes a broader teacher career ladder system that connects professional advancement to compensation — creating a structured pathway from beginning teacher to expert educator with corresponding pay recognition at each stage.
- Career ladder adoption: ‘LEA career ladders are to be adopted by July 2024, creating a leadership track for those teachers staying in the classroom’ (MSDE Teacher Workforce Report, May 2024)
- Leadership track: The career ladder creates opportunities for classroom teachers to take on leadership roles (mentor teacher, instructional coach, team leader) with additional compensation, without leaving teaching for administration
- Compensation with advancement: Standards for advancement through the career ladder are tied to compensation increases, ensuring that career growth is financially rewarded within the classroom track
- Purpose: The career ladder aims to address the ‘step off’ phenomenon where experienced teachers leave the classroom for administration because the only way to earn significantly more is to exit teaching — the career ladder provides an alternative path
Sources: Blueprint for Maryland’s Future (blueprint.marylandpublicschools.org/hqdtl/); MSDE Teacher Workforce Report (May 2024); MSEA Blueprint Explainer.
Maryland State Retirement and Pension System (MSRPS)
Maryland public school teachers participate in the Maryland State Retirement and Pension System (MSRPS) — a defined benefit pension plan that represents significant additional lifetime compensation beyond base salary.
- Type: Defined benefit pension — guaranteed monthly payment in retirement based on years of service and final average salary
- Social Security: Most Maryland public school teachers do NOT contribute to Social Security through their teaching employment; MSRPS replaces Social Security for Maryland teachers
- Vesting: Teachers become vested in MSRPS after 10 years of eligible service
- Normal retirement: Age 65 with 5+ years of service, OR any age with 30 years of service
- Early retirement: Age 55 with 15+ years of service (with benefit reduction)
- Formula: Based on years of service, final average salary, and an accrual factor per year — the Maryland Teachers’ pension accrual formula provides retirement income that increases meaningfully with both salary level and years of service
The pension’s financial value, when quantified as a present-value equivalent of employer retirement contributions, can represent $8,000-$15,000+ per year of effective additional compensation.
For a teacher who earns Maryland’s top average salary of $108,829 and retires after 30 years, the defined benefit pension provides lifetime retirement income that far exceeds what equivalent private-sector 401(k) contributions would typically generate.
✔ Note for Career Changers: The 10-year MSRPS vesting requirement means teachers who leave before completing 10 years of service may not be entitled to a full pension benefit. Career changers who enter teaching later in life should model the pension return carefully based on their expected teaching years.
Sources: sra.maryland.gov (Maryland State Retirement Agency); MSRPS public employee information.
Total Compensation: Salary + Benefits + Federal Programs
| Component | Estimated Annual Value | Notes |
| Base salary | $51,548–$108,829+ | By experience, degree, district; statewide range |
| MSRPS pension (annual accrual value) | $8,000–$15,000+/yr est. | Defined benefit; replaces Social Security; value depends on years/salary |
| Employer health insurance contribution | $10,000–$16,000+/yr est. | Significant employer subsidy; varies by district plan and coverage level |
| NBCT salary bonus (Blueprint) | $10,000/yr (or $17,000 at low-performing school) | Blueprint mandate; applicable to all NBCT teachers statewide |
| Public Service Loan Forgiveness (PSLF) | $0–$100,000+ (lifetime, tax-free) | After 120 qualifying payments as government employer; eliminates remaining federal loan balance |
| Teacher Loan Forgiveness (TLF) | $5,000–$17,500 (one-time, tax-free) | 5 consecutive years at Title I school in shortage area; $17,500 for STEM/SpEd |
| TEACH Grants | Up to $4,000/yr (while in school) | Commit to teach 4 yrs in shortage area at low-income school; converts to loan if not fulfilled |
| Maryland’s Future Educator Scholarship | Up to $10,000/yr | State scholarship for students committing to teach in Maryland public schools |
| Summer schedule (10-month contract) | Enables supplemental income | Summer school, tutoring, professional development stipends available |
Sources: studentaid.gov/pslf; studentaid.gov/teach-grant; Maryland Higher Education Commission (mhec.maryland.gov); MSRPS (sra.maryland.gov); MSDE salary schedules.
The Teacher Pay Gap: Maryland vs. Other Professions
Despite ranking in the top 5-8 nationally for teacher pay, Maryland is not immune to the national teacher pay penalty — the gap between teacher salaries and those of other college-educated professionals.
- The 74 cents figure (2023-24): Per the Patch/NEA 2024 report: ‘The teacher pay gap in Maryland compared to other college-educated professionals with similar experience is 74 cents’ — meaning Maryland teachers earn approximately 74 cents for every dollar earned by comparably educated professionals in other fields.
- National figure (2024-25): The NEA 2024-25 Benchmark Report reports: ‘On average, teachers earned 73.1 cents per dollar compared to other professionals in similar fields in 2024.’ Maryland’s 74 cents is slightly above the national average but confirms the structural problem persists even in high-paying states.
- EPI documentation: The Economic Policy Institute (EPI) data cited by Maryland State Wire (Oct 2025): ‘teachers face a significant pay penalty, earning 23.5% less than other college-educated workers.’ This pay penalty ‘has widened over the years, exacerbated by inflation, further eroding real earnings.’
- Real wage stagnation: The NEA 2023-24 Benchmark notes: ‘despite record-level increases in some states, teacher pay hasn’t kept up with inflation. Teachers are making 5 percent less than they did 10 years ago’ in real (inflation-adjusted) terms.
For Maryland specifically, the $74,260 average teacher salary looks strong against other states but is still approximately 23-27% below the median annual earnings for a person with a master’s degree broadly ($96,000 per BLS 2024 data, cited in the NEA 2024-25 Benchmark).
The Blueprint’s salary reforms explicitly acknowledge this: its rationale is to ‘raise teacher pay to make it equitable with other highly trained professionals with the same amount of education.’
Sources: Patch.com (May 2, 2024) — 74 cents; NEA 2024-25 Benchmark (April 2026) — 73.1 cents; Maryland State Wire (Oct 2025) — EPI 23.5% pay penalty; NEA 2023-24 Benchmark (April 2025) — 5% real wage decline; BLS 2024 master’s degree median $96,000.
Job Outlook: National BLS Projections (2024-34)
The U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics Employment Projections for 2024-34, released August 28, 2025, provide the authoritative national teacher employment forecast. These projections provide context for Maryland’s specific teacher workforce situation.
| Teaching Category | 2024-34 Change | Annual Openings | Key Driver |
| Kindergarten/Elementary (excl. SpEd) | Decline ~2% | ~103,800/year | School-age population declining; replacement demand dominates |
| Middle School (excl. SpEd) | Decline ~2% | ~40,500/year | Same demographic driver; all openings from replacement demand |
| High School (excl. SpEd) | Decline ~1-2% | ~66,200/year | Slower decline; specialized demand supports openings |
| Special Education (all levels) | ~0% (stable) | ~47,000/year | Federal IDEA creates persistent demand; hardest to fill |
| CTE / Vocational | Decline ~2% | ~25,000/year | Replacement demand; industry expertise needed |
Sources: BLS Occupational Outlook Handbook — Elementary School Teachers; Middle School Teachers; High School Teachers; Special Education Teachers (bls.gov/ooh, July 2025).
Why Openings Remain High Despite Employment Decline
The apparent contradiction between declining employment projections and high annual job openings is explained by replacement demand: teachers leaving the profession through retirement, career changes, and attrition generate new openings even when total employment is flat or declining.
Per BLS: all projected openings for elementary teachers are expected to result from the need to replace workers who transfer to other occupations or exit the labor force.
In Maryland’s case, the MSDE Teacher Workforce Report explicitly documents: ‘47% of teachers leaving the profession by their third year.’ This extraordinarily high early-career attrition rate means that Maryland generates significant replacement demand not just from retirements but from early-career exits — creating more teaching vacancies than enrollment trends alone would suggest.
Sources: BLS OOH — replacement demand explanation; MSDE Teacher Workforce Supply, Demand, and Diversity Report (May 2024) — ‘47% leaving by year 3.’
Maryland-Specific Workforce Data: Vacancies and Shortage
Maryland’s teacher workforce data presents a significant challenge alongside its salary advantages. Despite above-average pay, Maryland faces one of the most severe teacher shortage situations among high-paying states.
Current Vacancy Data
- 1,619 teacher vacancies at start of 2024-25: The MSDE’s Accountability and Implementation Board (AIB) reported 1,619 teacher vacancies as of the start of the 2024-25 school year (MSDE AIB Teacher Recruitment, Development, and Retention document, January 2025)
- 2,144 vacancies in 2022-23: The MSDE Teacher Workforce Report (May 2024) documented 2,144 teacher vacancies in 2022-23. The 9.8% decline to ~1,619 in 2024-25 suggests slight improvement, but the shortage remains significant.
- EPP completers gap: ‘There were 2,144 teacher vacancies in the State in the 2022-2023 school year, but EPPs only produced 1,914 completers in the prior school year, including completers from both traditional and [alternative programs].’ This structural gap — more vacancies than new teachers produced — is a systemic driver of ongoing shortages.
- 10% conditional license rate: 6,074 teachers — approximately 10% of Maryland’s entire teaching workforce — were operating with a conditional teaching license as of January 2025 (MSDE AIB Report). This is among the highest non-standard certification rates for a high-paying state.
Sources: MSDE AIB Teacher Recruitment, Development, and Retention (marylandpublicschools.org, Jan 28, 2025) — 1,619 vacancies; 6,074 conditional (10%); MSDE Teacher Workforce Supply, Demand, and Diversity Report (May 2024) — 2,144 vacancies / 1,914 EPP completers gap; 9.8% vacancy decline.
All 24 School Systems Projected Short
Per MSEA’s Blueprint explainer: ‘The Maryland State Board of Education declared that all 24 school systems had a projected shortage of certified teachers.’ This is not a localized problem affecting a few underserved districts — it is a statewide structural workforce deficit affecting every Maryland county and Baltimore City simultaneously.
Source: MSEA Blueprint Explainer — Professional Salaries and Staffing (marylandeducators.org) — all 24 school systems quoted.
Maryland’s 28 Teacher Shortage Areas (2023-24)
The U.S. Department of Education formally designates Teacher Shortage Areas (TSAs) for each state annually. These designations have practical financial implications: teachers in TSAs at Title I schools qualify for Teacher Loan Forgiveness of up to $17,500.
| Maryland Has 28 Formally Designated Teacher Shortage Areas (2023-24) |
| Per CNS Maryland (March 18, 2024): ‘The U.S. Department of Education keeps a Teacher Shortage Areas database — and it found that for the current school year, Maryland was short of teachers in 28 subjects, which the state defines as areas of certification. That’s up from 17 five years earlier.’ |
| CRITICAL SHORTAGE AREAS (pre-K through 12th grade): |
| – English as a Second Language (ESL/ESOL) — pre-K through 12th grade |
| – Health Science — pre-K through 12th grade |
| – Special Education — all categories, all grade levels |
| OTHER NOTABLE SHORTAGE AREAS (partial list): |
| – Mathematics (secondary) |
| – Sciences (Physics, Chemistry, Biology, Earth Science) |
| – Computer Science |
| – World/Foreign Languages |
| – Career and Technical Education (multiple areas) |
| – Early Childhood Education |
| TREND: Up from 17 shortage areas five years ago to 28 now — a 65% increase in designated shortage areas in five years. |
| FINANCIAL BENEFIT: Teachers in these areas at Title I low-income schools qualify for Teacher Loan Forgiveness of up to $17,500 (SpEd, Math, Science) or $5,000 (other shortage areas) after 5 consecutive years. Visit studentaid.gov for current list. |
| Sources: CNS Maryland (March 18, 2024); U.S. DOE Teacher Shortage Areas database (tsa.ed.gov); studentaid.gov. |
Blueprint Enrollment Trends: EPP Growth and Pipeline
The Blueprint for Maryland’s Future has had a measurable positive effect on teacher preparation program enrollment — reversing a prior downward trend that was threatening to worsen the shortage.
- EPP enrollment reversal: Per MSDE Teacher Workforce Report (May 2024): ‘Enrollment in educator preparation programs (EPPs) has continued to grow, reversing a prior downward trend.’ This is an important leading indicator: the number of teachers being trained determines future teacher supply.
- Vacancy rate improvement: ‘Vacancy rates have experienced a 9.8% decline in the current school year’ (2023-24 vs. 2022-23) — the first meaningful decline after years of growth in vacancies.
- Nine pathways to licensure: ‘Effective April 1, 2024, there are nine pathways to Maryland professional licensure’ — the expansion of certification pathways is part of the recruitment strategy alongside salary increases.
- But gap persists: Despite these improvements, EPPs produced 1,914 completers against 2,144 vacancies in the year tracked — a structural shortfall that cannot be closed by salary incentives alone without also addressing program capacity.
Source: MSDE Teacher Workforce Supply, Demand, and Diversity Report (May 2024, marylandpublicschools.org/stateboard/Documents/2024/0521/) — all data points quoted.
Retention Crisis: Why 47% of Teachers Leave by Year 3
Perhaps the most alarming data point in Maryland’s teacher workforce is the early-career attrition rate. Per the MSDE Teacher Workforce Report and MSEA Blueprint Explainer: 47% of teachers leave the profession by their third year. This extraordinarily high attrition rate has multiple drivers:
- Compensation gap: The starting salary, while above average, still falls below the state’s living wage and significantly below what similarly educated professionals earn in other fields. Early-career teachers with student loans face genuine financial hardship.
- Working conditions: CNS Maryland (March 18, 2024) profiled Melissa Carpenter, a 5th-grade teacher in Waldorf who ‘works a 10-hour day on average during the week, and her job sometimes requires her to put in hours on weekends too.’ Long hours, increasing administrative burden, and challenging classroom conditions drive teachers out.
- Collaborative time deficit: The Blueprint’s ‘collaborative time’ provision — guaranteeing teachers dedicated planning and collaboration time during the school day — was the subject of MSDE AIB debate in January 2025. The AIB noted it is ‘not feasible to hire the additional teachers in the near-term to implement collaborative time on the current 8-year timeline’ due to the shortage itself.
- Morale: NEA 2023-24 Benchmark (April 2025) notes: ‘Low pay limits the ability to attract and retain quality educators in the profession amid a looming educator shortage and sagging educator morale due chiefly to low pay and poor working conditions.’
The retention crisis creates a self-reinforcing negative cycle: high attrition means more vacancies, more vacancies mean conditional licenses and larger class sizes, which increase workload for remaining teachers, which drives further attrition. The Blueprint’s salary reforms, career ladders, and collaborative time provisions are all aimed at breaking this cycle.
Sources: MSDE MSEA Blueprint Explainer — 47% leaving by year 3; CNS Maryland (March 18, 2024) — Carpenter quote; MSDE AIB Report (Jan 2025) — collaborative time constraints; NEA 2023-24 Benchmark (April 2025) — morale quote.
Geographic Salary Variation Across Maryland
Maryland’s teacher salaries vary significantly across its 24 counties and Baltimore City, reflecting differences in local tax base, cost of living, collective bargaining outcomes, and district size.
The Montgomery County Premium
Montgomery County Public Schools (MCPS) consistently pays the highest teacher salaries in Maryland. Per Bethesda Magazine (September 2025): MCPS teachers earned the highest average salaries in the state for 2025-26, and the pay ‘was competitive with nearby jurisdictions outside of Maryland, as well as with private schools in the county.’ With a $3.6 billion operating budget and salary schedules effective July 1, 2025, MCPS offers some of the most competitive teacher compensation in the mid-Atlantic region.
Baltimore City vs. County Structure
Baltimore City Public Schools uses a distinctive salary structure — experience-only advancement without separate degree lanes. Per MSDE 2025-26 Salary Schedules: ‘Baltimore City does not have separate scales based on degree attained.
Employees of any degree level can be placed anywhere on the scale based on years of experience.’ This means BCPSS teachers’ advancement is driven entirely by seniority, not by earning additional degrees — a structural difference that affects the financial calculus of graduate education for Baltimore City teachers specifically.
Rural Maryland Salary Context
Rural Maryland counties — Garrett, Allegany, Somerset, Dorchester, and others — typically offer lower absolute salaries than the Washington, D.C., and Baltimore suburbs.
Dorchester County has a notably unique structure: ‘Dorchester County salaries are the same for all steps due to a mutual agreement between the Dorchester County Board of Education and the Teachers Association’ — meaning experience step increases don’t apply.
However, rural counties may offer lower cost of living, and the Blueprint’s $60,000 minimum salary (July 2026) will have its most dramatic effect on these historically lower-paying districts.
Sources: Bethesda Magazine (Sept 2025) — MCPS highest in state; MSDE 2025-26 Salary Schedules — Baltimore City and Dorchester County notes.
Strategies for Maximizing Lifetime Earnings as a Maryland Teacher
Given Maryland’s salary structure, Blueprint incentives, and federal programs, there are concrete strategies that can substantially improve lifetime economic outcomes for Maryland teachers.
- Strategy 1 — Pursue National Board Certification: The Blueprint’s $10,000 NBCT bonus is the single highest-value per-year salary increase available to a Maryland teacher, short of a district change. A teacher who earns NBCT at age 35 and teaches to age 62 (27 years) earns $270,000+ in cumulative NBCT base bonuses — more at a low-performing school. Begin NBPTS candidacy as early as career readiness allows.
- Strategy 2 — Teach in a shortage area at a Title I school: Qualifies for Teacher Loan Forgiveness ($17,500 for STEM and SpEd after 5 years) AND PSLF (full remaining federal loan balance after 10 years) AND the Blueprint’s $7,000 low-performing school NBCT bonus. The total federal and Blueprint financial benefit for a shortage area teacher at a Title I school can easily exceed $200,000 in lifetime loan forgiveness and additional salary.
- Strategy 3 — Earn your master’s degree early: Transitioning to the master’s degree salary lane in Year 1 or 2 of teaching rather than Year 10 can represent $50,000-$100,000+ in additional lifetime earnings, depending on district and career length.
- Strategy 4 — Enroll in PSLF on Day 1: Maryland public school teachers are employed by government entities — qualifying employers for PSLF. Enroll in an income-driven repayment plan on your first day of employment at studentaid.gov/pslf. Every year that passes without PSLF enrollment is a year of qualifying payments lost.
- Strategy 5 — Choose your district strategically: Montgomery County’s significantly higher average salaries represent real lifetime earnings differences. A teacher who earns $80,000/year in Montgomery County vs. $65,000/year in a rural county accumulates $375,000+ more in lifetime earnings over a 25-year career, before pension differences are considered. Geographic salary optimization is a meaningful career decision.
- Strategy 6 — Maximize MSRPS years: The defined benefit pension rewards long service. Maryland’s early retirement option (age 55 with 15 years) vs. full retirement (age 65 or any age with 30 years) produces dramatically different pension incomes. Working to 30 years of service rather than 25 can increase lifetime pension income by 15-20%. Consult the MSRPS calculator at sra.maryland.gov.
Maryland Teacher Salary and Job Outlook: FAQs
What is the average teacher salary in Maryland?
Maryland’s average teacher salary was $74,260 for the 2023-24 school year (NEA 2024 report), ranking Maryland 8th nationally (MSEA later reported 7th for 2023-24 data). The national average for 2023-24 was $72,030. Maryland’s teacher salary increased 6.2% from 2022-23 to 2023-24 — the 10th best annual improvement nationally. The national average public school teacher salary for 2024-25 was $74,495 (NEA 2026), and Maryland’s 7th-place rank suggests an average around $76,000-$78,000 for 2024-25, though the full Maryland-specific 2024-25 figure requires the upcoming NEA Rankings report.
What is the starting teacher salary in Maryland?
Maryland’s average starting teacher salary was $51,548 for 2023-24 (NEA data), ranking Maryland 5th nationally. The national average starting salary for 2023-24 was $46,526 (NEA Benchmark) and $48,112 for 2024-25. Beginning July 1, 2026, the Blueprint for Maryland’s Future mandates a $60,000 minimum starting salary for all Maryland teachers — this will raise Maryland’s already strong starting salary position further. Starting salaries vary by district, with Montgomery County at the high end and some rural counties at the low end.
Which Maryland county pays teachers the most?
Montgomery County Public Schools (MCPS) consistently pays the highest average teacher salaries in Maryland. Bethesda Magazine (September 2025) reported that MCPS teachers earned the highest average salaries in the state for 2025-26, with pay competitive with private schools and nearby jurisdictions outside Maryland. Prince George’s County and Howard County also rank among the higher-paying Maryland districts. Salary schedules for all 24 Maryland LEAs are published annually by MSDE at marylandpublicschools.org.
What is the Blueprint’s impact on Maryland teacher salaries?
The Blueprint for Maryland’s Future has three major direct salary impacts: (1) A 10% state increase in baseline teacher salaries, phased in by July 2024 — contributing to the 6.2% salary jump seen from 2022-23 to 2023-24; (2) A $60,000 minimum salary for all Maryland teachers beginning July 1, 2026 — affecting lower-paying rural districts most dramatically; (3) A $10,000 NBCT salary bonus (plus $7,000 for NBCT teachers at low-performing schools, maximum $17,000 total) that has driven a dramatic increase in National Board Certification participation since 2021-22. Additionally, the Blueprint mandates career ladders with compensation at each advancement level.
Is there a teacher shortage in Maryland?
Yes, a significant and well-documented one. The 2024-25 school year began with 1,619 teacher vacancies. Six thousand seventy-four teachers — approximately 10% of Maryland’s teacher workforce — were operating on conditional licenses as of January 2025. The Maryland State Board of Education declared that all 24 school systems had projected shortages. Maryland has 28 federally designated Teacher Shortage Areas for 2023-24, up from 17 five years earlier. Despite above-average salaries, 47% of Maryland teachers leave the profession by their third year — a retention crisis that drives continuous vacancy demand.
What are the best-paying teaching areas in Maryland?
From a total compensation perspective, the highest-value teaching areas in Maryland in 2025 are Special Education and secondary STEM (Mathematics, Physics, Chemistry, Biology) at Title I schools in shortage areas. These areas combine a higher-than-average base salary in most districts, the Blueprint’s $10,000-$17,000 NBCT bonus, Teacher Loan Forgiveness of $17,500 after 5 years, and PSLF after 10 years. ESL/ESOL, Computer Science, and Health Science are also in shortage and qualify for TLF of up to $5,000.
How does Maryland teacher pay compare to other professionals?
Despite being 5th-8th nationally in teacher pay, Maryland teachers still earn approximately 74 cents for every dollar earned by comparably educated non-teachers (NEA 2024 data). The Economic Policy Institute documents a 23.5% pay penalty for teachers vs. other college-educated workers — a gap that persists even in high-paying states like Maryland. The median annual earnings for a person with a master’s degree in 2024 were approximately $96,000 (BLS, per NEA 2024-25 Benchmark), while Maryland’s average teacher salary of approximately $74,260-$76,800 falls 19-23% below that benchmark. The Blueprint’s $60,000 minimum salary (July 2026) and NBCT incentives are explicitly designed to narrow this gap.
Maryland Teacher Salary and Job Outlook: Conclusion
Maryland’s teacher salary picture in 2025 is one of genuine national strength combined with persistent structural challenges. The state’s 7th-place ranking for average teacher salary, 5th-place starting salary, and 4th-place top salary establish Maryland as one of the premier teacher compensation states in the country.
The Blueprint for Maryland’s Future — with its $60,000 minimum salary mandate (July 2026), $10,000-$17,000 NBCT bonus, career ladders, and collaborative time provisions — is deepening these advantages and creating the most ambitious teacher compensation reform framework in Maryland’s history.
Yet the salary story cannot be told without the shortage story. Twenty-eight designated shortage areas, 1,619 open vacancies at the start of 2024-25, 10% of the workforce on conditional licenses, and 47% early-career attrition — these numbers reveal a system that is paying well but still struggling to attract and retain enough qualified educators.
The $60,000 minimum, NBCT incentives, and career ladder provisions are the right interventions; their ultimate effectiveness depends on sustained implementation, adequate state funding, and improvement in the working conditions that drive early-career teachers out of the profession.
For prospective and current Maryland teachers evaluating their compensation options, the data is clear: Maryland offers an above-average base salary, the best top-end NBCT bonus structure in the nation, meaningful federal loan forgiveness opportunities for shortage area teachers, a strong defined benefit pension that replaces Social Security, and an accelerating trajectory driven by Blueprint investment.
Maximizing lifetime earnings requires pursuing National Board Certification, teaching in shortage areas at Title I schools, enrolling in PSLF on Day 1, earning a master’s degree early, and choosing a district strategically. The combination of these actions can produce a total compensation picture that compares favorably with many private-sector alternatives for similarly educated professionals.
NEA | nea.org | MSDE | marylandpublicschools.org | Blueprint | teach.maryland.gov | MSRPS | sra.maryland.gov | Data current as of June 2025