How to Become an English Teacher in Pennsylvania
Becoming an English teacher in Pennsylvania is a rewarding path for individuals passionate about literature, language, and helping students develop critical communication skills. Whether you plan to teach middle school or high school English Language Arts, Pennsylvania has clear—but detailed—requirements that include education, testing, and certification through the Pennsylvania Department of Education (PDE).
This guide walks you step by step through how to become an English teacher in Pennsylvania, with a special focus on Praxis exams, certification pathways, preparation strategies, and what to expect along the way. If you’re feeling overwhelmed or anxious about exams or requirements, you’re not alone—and with the right preparation, you can pass on your first attempt and move forward with confidence.
Pennsylvania’s Teacher Certification System
Pennsylvania’s teacher certification process is managed by the Pennsylvania Department of Education (PDE), which maintains rigorous standards to ensure all classroom educators meet professional benchmarks. The state issues different types of teaching certificates, with the Instructional I certificate serving as the standard initial credential for new teachers.
For English teachers specifically, you’ll be working toward certification in English Language Arts (ELA), typically for grades 7–12. This certification allows you to teach literature, composition, language skills, and related humanities subjects in middle and high schools throughout the Commonwealth.
Pennsylvania’s certification system emphasizes both content knowledge and pedagogical skills. You’ll need to demonstrate mastery of English language arts content through standardized testing while also completing supervised teaching experiences that prepare you for real classroom challenges
How to Become an English Teacher in Pennsylvania
To teach English in Pennsylvania public schools, you must earn state certification issued by the Pennsylvania Department of Education (PDE). Most candidates follow the traditional pathway, but alternative certification routes are also available.
At a high level, you will need to:
- Earn a bachelor’s degree
- Complete a state-approved teacher preparation program
- Pass the required Praxis exams
- Complete student teaching
- Obtain background clearances (Acts 34, 114, and 151)
- Apply for a Pennsylvania Instructional I certificate
Step 1: Earn a Bachelor’s Degree
All English teachers in Pennsylvania must hold at least a bachelor’s degree from an accredited institution. Most candidates major in:
- English
- English Education
- Secondary Education with an English concentration
Your degree program should align with English Language Arts teacher PA standards and prepare you for both classroom teaching and Praxis testing.
Step 2: Complete a Teacher Preparation Program in Pennsylvania
A PDE-approved teacher preparation program is required for certification. These programs include:
- Coursework in pedagogy and adolescent development
- Content-specific English instruction
- Classroom observation hours
- Supervised student teaching in Pennsylvania schools
Student teaching is a critical component and typically lasts one full semester.
Tip: Make sure your program is approved by PDE—this is essential for licensure.
Step 3: Pass the Required Praxis Exams
Regardless of which pathway you choose, Pennsylvania requires all prospective English teachers to pass specific Praxis exams demonstrating both basic skills competency and content area expertise.
Praxis Core Academic Skills for Educators (Core)
Pennsylvania requires the Praxis Core Academic Skills for Educators tests, which assess fundamental competencies in reading, writing, and mathematics. These exams ensure all teacher candidates possess the basic academic skills necessary for professional practice.
Three Separate Tests:
- Praxis Core Reading (5713): 56 selected-response questions, 85 minutes
- Praxis Core Writing (5723): 40 selected-response questions and 2 essays, 100 minutes
- Praxis Core Mathematics (5733): 56 selected-response questions, 85 minutes
When to Take Them
Most candidates take Praxis Core exams early in their teacher preparation programs. Many programs require passing scores before admission to student teaching. If you’re pursuing alternative certification, aim to pass these exams before beginning your teaching placement.
Passing Scores
Pennsylvania sets specific minimum scores for each Core exam. Check the current requirements on the PDE website, as these can occasionally change.
Exemptions
Some candidates may be exempt from Praxis Core if they meet alternative criteria, such as achieving specific SAT or ACT scores within designated timeframes. Verify your eligibility for exemptions through PDE.
Praxis Exams for English Teachers in PA
The critical content exam for English teacher candidates is the Praxis English Language Arts: Content Knowledge test (5038). This comprehensive exam evaluates your mastery of the content you’ll teach. The Praxis 5038 contains 130 selected-response questions that you must complete within 150 minutes (2.5 hours). Questions are evenly distributed across three major content categories.
The Praxis English Language Arts exam is especially important and often the most challenging part of the process.
Praxis English Language Arts Exam Overview
The Praxis English Language Arts: Content Knowledge exam measures whether you have the content mastery needed for teaching English in Pennsylvania schools, typically at the middle and high school levels.
Who Needs It
- Aspiring English Language Arts teachers in Pennsylvania
- Candidates applying for a Pennsylvania Instructional I certificate in English
When It’s Required
You must pass the exam before applying for certification, though many candidates take it during or shortly after completing their preparation program.
Exam Format and Structure
The English Language Arts exam contains 130 selected-response questions and has a time limit of 2.5 hours. Selected-response questions come in the form of any of the following:
- Single-selection multiple-choice
- Selecting ALL correct answers from a list of choices
- Clicking parts of a graphic such as a map or a chart
- Dragging and dropping answers into a targeted area on the screen
- Selecting the correct answer from a drop-down menu
Question Types
- Literary analysis
- Reading comprehension
- Grammar and language usage
- Writing and revision tasks
Understanding the structure ahead of time helps reduce test anxiety and improves pacing on exam day.
Content Areas Covered on the Praxis English Exam
The exam assesses several major subject areas:
I. Reading (49 questions)
This section evaluates your understanding of:
- Literary texts
- Informational and nonfiction texts
- Rhetorical strategies and analysis
II. Language Use and Vocabulary (33 questions)
This section measures your proficiency in:
- Standard conventions of English grammar and usage
- Determining word meaning through prefixes, suffixes, context clues, and sentence structure
- Using both print and digital reference tools effectively
- Recognizing variations in dialect and word choice across regions, cultures, and historical periods
- Supporting language development and vocabulary acquisition
III. Writing, Speaking, and Listening (48 questions)
This section assesses your knowledge and skills related to:
- Multiple forms and purposes of writing
- Elements of clear, organized, and coherent writing
- Ethical and effective research methods
- Effective speech delivery and presentation techniques
- Using digital media to enhance communication
- Instructional strategies for teaching writing
- Assessing reading, writing, speaking, and listening skills
- Principles of effective oral communication
- Understanding and valuing the diverse perspectives, cultures, and backgrounds students bring to reading, writing, speaking, and listening
Scoring and Passing Requirements
Praxis exams are scored on a scaled system. Pennsylvania sets its own minimum passing scores for certification purposes.
- Scores are typically available online after testing
- PDE reviews official scores as part of the certification application
Important: Always confirm current passing score requirements through PDE guidance before testing.
Step 4: Complete Required Background Clearances
Before you can work in any Pennsylvania school—whether for student teaching or employment—you must obtain three mandatory background clearances. These criminal history and abuse registry checks protect student safety.
Act 34: Pennsylvania State Police Criminal Record Check
This clearance searches Pennsylvania criminal history databases for convictions. You can obtain it online through the Pennsylvania State Police website. The process typically takes a few days, and there’s a fee (though some programs may cover clearance costs for student teachers).
Act 151: Pennsylvania Child Abuse History Clearance
This clearance checks the Pennsylvania Department of Human Services’ child abuse registry (ChildLine). Apply online through the Pennsylvania Department of Human Services. Processing usually takes several days to a few weeks.
Act 114: FBI Federal Criminal History Record (Fingerprinting)
This federal background check requires fingerprinting and searches national criminal databases. You must be fingerprinted at an approved location (many universities, police departments, and private vendors offer this service). The FBI clearance typically takes longer than the state clearances—allow several weeks.
Validity and Updates
Clearances remain valid for 60 months (5 years) for current employees but must be updated within the past year when seeking new employment. Student teaching programs typically require recent clearances.
Disqualifying Offenses
Certain criminal convictions permanently bar individuals from Pennsylvania school employment, including crimes against children, sexual offenses, violent felonies, and drug trafficking. Review PDE’s list of disqualifying offenses if you have concerns about your background
Step 5: Apply for the Pennsylvania Instructional I Certificate
Once all requirements are met, you can apply for your Pennsylvania Instructional I certificate through the PDE certification system.
This initial certificate is valid for a limited number of years and allows you to teach full-time while completing induction requirements.
Pennsylvania’s Teacher Induction Program
Pennsylvania law requires all first-year teachers working on Instructional I certificates to participate in a structured induction program during their first three years of teaching. This mentoring and professional development program eases your transition from preparation to independent practice.
Induction Requirements
- Mentorship: Your employing district assigns you a trained mentor teacher who provides guidance, classroom observations, feedback, and professional support throughout your induction period.
- Professional Development: Participate in ongoing professional learning aligned with Pennsylvania’s teaching standards, your school’s improvement goals, and your individual development needs.
- Observation and Evaluation: Receive regular classroom observations and constructive feedback to refine your teaching practice.
- Completion Documentation: Your district tracks your induction participation and reports completion to PDE. Successful induction program completion is required for advancing to the Instructional II certificate.
How to Become an English Teacher in Pennsylvania Online
To become an English teacher in Pennsylvania online, you generally follow the same certification steps as on-campus candidates, but complete much of the coursework through approved online programs:
- Earn a bachelor’s degree
Complete a bachelor’s degree in English, English Education, or a related field. Many accredited universities offer fully or partially online degree programs. - Complete a PDE-approved online teacher preparation program
Enroll in a Pennsylvania Department of Education (PDE)–approved teacher preparation program that offers online coursework. Student teaching must still be completed in person at a Pennsylvania school. - Pass the required Praxis exams
Most candidates must pass the Praxis Core (or qualify for an exemption) and the Praxis English Language Arts: Content Knowledge exam. - Complete student teaching
Even in online programs, supervised student teaching is required and must be done in a real classroom setting. - Obtain required clearances
You must complete Act 34, Act 114, and Act 151 background clearances. - Apply for certification online
Apply through the PDE system for a Pennsylvania Instructional I teaching certificate in English.
Alternative Teacher Certification in Pennsylvania
If you already hold a bachelor’s degree but did not complete a traditional education program, alternative teacher certification in Pennsylvania may be an option.
These pathways typically include:
- Intensive coursework
- Supervised teaching
- Praxis exam completion
They are especially popular among career changers.
Teacher Induction Program in PA
New teachers must complete a Pennsylvania teacher induction program during their first year in the classroom. This program provides:
- Mentorship
- Professional development
- Classroom support
Successful completion is required to move from Instructional I to Instructional II certification.
Study and Preparation Tips for Praxis Success
Preparing effectively for the Praxis English Language Arts exam can make the difference between passing on your first attempt and retaking the test.
Proven Study Strategies
- Start studying early—avoid last-minute cramming
- Use full-length practice tests to build endurance
- Focus on weak content areas first
- Practice written responses under timed conditions
- Review test objectives carefully
Consistency matters more than intensity.
Common Mistakes to Avoid
- Ignoring constructed-response practice
- Studying without a clear plan
- Underestimating test-day timing
- Skipping content review in grammar or linguistics
Avoiding these pitfalls can significantly boost your score.
Test-Day Strategies
On exam day:
- Arrive early with a valid ID
- Read questions carefully before answering
- Manage your time—don’t get stuck on one question
- Answer every question; there is no penalty for guessing
Staying calm and focused is just as important as knowing the content.
English Teaching Jobs and Salary in Pennsylvania
Pennsylvania offers diverse teaching opportunities across urban, suburban, and rural settings. Understanding the job market and employment process helps you plan your career launch strategically.
Job Outlook
- Geographic Variation: Teaching opportunities vary significantly by region. Southeastern Pennsylvania (Philadelphia metropolitan area) and southwestern Pennsylvania (Pittsburgh region) offer the most positions but also face the most competition. Rural districts often have fewer openings but may experience less competition.
- Subject Demand: English/Language Arts positions generally see moderate demand. While not a critical shortage area like special education or mathematics, qualified English teachers find consistent opportunities, particularly candidates willing to teach additional subjects (such as special education co-teaching, ESL, or social studies).
- Urban Districts: Philadelphia School District, Pittsburgh Public Schools, and other urban districts frequently hire English teachers. These positions often come with unique challenges—larger class sizes, diverse student populations, fewer resources—but also offer opportunities for significant impact, professional development support, and sometimes loan forgiveness programs.
- Charter Schools: Pennsylvania’s robust charter school sector provides additional employment options. Charter schools follow state certification requirements but often offer different school cultures, pedagogical approaches, and scheduling models.
English teaching jobs in Pennsylvania are available across:
- Public school districts
- Charter schools
- Intermediate units
Demand varies by region and grade level.
English Teacher Salary in Pennsylvania
Teacher salaries in Pennsylvania vary widely based on district, experience, and education level. Understanding salary structures helps you make informed employment decisions.
- Starting Salaries: Entry-level English teachers in Pennsylvania typically earn between $45,000 and $65,000 annually, depending on district. Urban and wealthy suburban districts generally pay higher starting salaries than rural districts.
- Salary Schedules: Pennsylvania school districts use salary schedules based on years of experience and education level (bachelor’s degree, bachelor’s plus credits, master’s degree, master’s plus credits, doctorate). You advance through the salary schedule automatically based on experience and completed coursework.
- Average Salaries: Mid-career teachers with 10–15 years of experience and a master’s degree typically earn between $65,000 and $85,000 annually. Experienced teachers in well-funded districts can earn $90,000–$100,000+ at the top of salary schedules.
- Benefits: Pennsylvania teaching positions typically include comprehensive benefits packages featuring health insurance, retirement contributions through PSERS (Public School Employees’ Retirement System), sick leave, personal days, and defined vacation periods (summer, winter, spring breaks).
Teaching Certification Reciprocity in PA
Teaching certification reciprocity in Pennsylvania means that if you’re already certified to teach in another U.S. state, you can apply to have your credentials recognized by the Pennsylvania Department of Education so you can become certified to teach in Pennsylvania without starting the process from scratch.
However, this recognition isn’t automatic. You must submit an application, meet Pennsylvania’s basic requirements (such as holding at least a bachelor’s degree, having good moral character, and meeting Pennsylvania’s testing standards), and provide documentation like transcripts and current certificates.
Pennsylvania participates in interstate agreements (like the NASDTEC Interstate Certification Agreement), which help facilitate this process by allowing states with comparable teacher preparation programs to recognize each other’s certifications—though Pennsylvania may still require you to meet its specific criteria before issuing a state certificate.
Pennsylvania offers teaching certification reciprocity for out-of-state teachers, though additional testing or coursework may be required depending on your background.
How to Become an English Teacher in Pennsylvania: FAQs
How long does it take to become an English teacher in Pennsylvania?
Most candidates complete the process in 4–5 years, including a bachelor’s degree, teacher preparation program, student teaching, and required exams.
What exams are required to become an English teacher in Pennsylvania?
You typically need to pass Praxis Core (or qualify for an exemption) and the Praxis English Language Arts exam.
Can you become an English teacher in Pennsylvania without a teaching degree?
Yes, through alternative teacher certification in Pennsylvania programs, though Praxis exams and supervised teaching are still required.
Do you need a master’s degree to teach English in Pennsylvania?
No. A master’s degree is not required for initial certification, but it may be needed later for Instructional II certification or salary advancement.
How much do English teachers make in Pennsylvania?
English teacher salary in Pennsylvania varies by district and experience level, with higher pay typically associated with advanced degrees and years of service.
Conclusion: How to Become an English Teacher in Pennsylvania
Learning how to become an English teacher in Pennsylvania may seem complex at first, but when broken into clear steps, it’s an achievable and fulfilling journey. By understanding certification requirements, preparing strategically for Praxis exams, and staying organized throughout the process, you can enter the classroom with confidence.
With the right preparation and mindset, passing your Praxis exams on the first attempt—and earning your Pennsylvania teaching license—is well within reach.