How to Become a Math Teacher in West Virginia

Becoming a math teacher in West Virginia is a rewarding path for individuals passionate about education, problem-solving, and shaping future generations. Whether your goal is to teach middle school or high school math, the process involves earning the right degree, completing a teacher preparation program, passing required Praxis exams, and securing state licensure.

This guide is designed for aspiring educators who may be new to the certification process or feeling anxious about Praxis exams. Below, you’ll find a clear, step-by-step explanation of how to become a math teacher in West Virginia, what exams are required, how they are structured, and how to prepare with confidence.

Overview: Becoming a Math Teacher in West Virginia

To teach math in West Virginia public schools, you must meet the licensure requirements set by the West Virginia Department of Education (WVDE) and the West Virginia Board of Education. These requirements ensure that all educators have strong content knowledge and professional teaching skills.

In general, math teachers in WV must:

• Earn a bachelor’s degree (or higher)

• Complete an approved teacher preparation program

• Pass required Praxis exams

• Complete student teaching

• Apply for a West Virginia teaching license

The exact pathway may vary slightly depending on whether you are pursuing traditional or alternative teacher certification.

Praxis Math Exam Format and Structure

While the exact exam depends on grade level, most Praxis math exams share common features:

• Question types: Selected-response (multiple choice) and some constructed-response questions

• Time limit: Typically between 2 and 3 hours

• Number of questions: Varies by exam, usually over 50 questions

• Delivery: Computer-based testing at authorized centers

Questions are designed to test conceptual understanding, not just memorization.

Praxis Math Content Areas

Depending on the exam, content areas may include:

Number and Quantity

• Number systems

• Ratios and proportions

• Real and complex numbers

Algebra and Functions

• Linear, quadratic, and polynomial functions

• Systems of equations

• Function interpretation and modeling

Geometry

• Plane and solid geometry

• Coordinate geometry

• Transformations and proofs

Statistics and Probability

• Data interpretation

• Measures of center and variability

• Probability models

Mathematical Reasoning

• Problem-solving strategies

• Mathematical communication

• Real-world application of concepts

Understanding West Virginia Teacher Certification Requirements

The West Virginia Department of Education, through the Office of Professional Preparation, oversees all educator licensure in the state. West Virginia requires all public school teachers to hold a valid teaching license, which demonstrates that educators have met rigorous academic and professional standards.

Basic Eligibility Requirements

Before pursuing math teacher certification in West Virginia, you must meet several fundamental requirements:

Age and Citizenship: You must be at least 18 years old and either a U.S. citizen or eligible to work in the United States.

Background Check: All applicants must pass a comprehensive background check, including fingerprinting. West Virginia takes student safety seriously, and any felony convictions or certain misdemeanors may disqualify candidates from licensure.

Academic Requirements: You must hold at least a bachelor's degree from a regionally accredited institution. For math teaching positions, your degree should demonstrate substantial coursework in mathematics or mathematics education.

Good Moral Character: Applicants must demonstrate good moral character and the ability to work effectively with children and adolescents.

Types of Teaching Licenses in West Virginia

West Virginia offers several license classifications that determine what grades and subjects you can teach:

Professional Teaching Certificate: This is the standard license for educators who have completed an approved teacher preparation program. For math teachers, this typically allows you to teach mathematics at either the middle school level (grades 5-9) or secondary level (grades 9-12), depending on your specialization.

Transitional License: Available for career changers or those who have not completed a traditional teacher preparation program but hold a bachelor's degree in a relevant field. This license requires participation in an alternative certification program.

Temporary License: Issued in emergency situations when qualified teachers are unavailable. This is typically valid for one year and requires the holder to work toward full certification.

Multi-Subject License: For elementary education teachers who may teach mathematics alongside other core subjects at the elementary level.

For aspiring math teachers, the Professional Teaching Certificate with a mathematics specialization is the most common pathway.

Educational Pathways to Math Teacher Certification

West Virginia offers multiple routes to becoming a certified math teacher, accommodating both traditional education majors and career changers with strong mathematics backgrounds.

Traditional Teacher Preparation Program

The most common pathway involves completing a bachelor's degree in mathematics education or a related field from an approved teacher preparation program in West Virginia or another state.

Approved Programs: West Virginia has multiple colleges and universities offering approved teacher preparation programs, including Marshall University, West Virginia University, Fairmont State University, and Shepherd University. These programs combine mathematics coursework with education theory, pedagogy, and supervised teaching experiences.

Degree Requirements: Your bachelor's degree should include:

• Mathematics Coursework: Substantial study in mathematical content areas including algebra, geometry, trigonometry, calculus, statistics, and mathematical reasoning. Most programs require 30-40 credit hours of mathematics courses.

• Education Coursework: Courses in educational psychology, curriculum design, instructional methods, classroom management, assessment strategies, and special education considerations. Expect 18-30 credit hours of professional education courses.

• Content-Specific Methods: Specialized courses focused specifically on teaching mathematics, including pedagogical approaches for different learning styles, technology integration in math instruction, and addressing common student misconceptions.

• General Education Requirements: Core liberal arts coursework that ensures broad academic preparation.

Student Teaching: All traditional programs require a student teaching experience, typically lasting one full semester (12-16 weeks). During student teaching, you'll work under the supervision of an experienced mentor teacher, gradually assuming full responsibility for classroom instruction, lesson planning, assessment, and classroom management.

Alternative Certification Routes

West Virginia recognizes that many talented individuals with strong mathematics backgrounds may not have traditional education degrees. The state offers alternative pathways to certification for career changers, recent graduates with degrees in mathematics or related fields, and professionals from STEM careers.

Alternative Certification Program Structure: These programs allow you to begin teaching under a transitional license while completing necessary education coursework and professional development. You'll typically:

1. Hold a bachelor's degree with a minimum GPA (usually 2.5 or higher)

2. Demonstrate content knowledge through transcripts showing substantial mathematics coursework or relevant work experience

3. Pass required Praxis exams before receiving a transitional license

4. Complete education coursework through an approved alternative certification provider

5. Participate in intensive mentorship during your first year of teaching

6. Complete all requirements within a specified timeframe (typically 3-5 years)

Who Benefits from Alternative Certification: This pathway is ideal for mathematics degree holders without education training, professionals with extensive mathematics experience in industry or research, military veterans with mathematics backgrounds, or individuals holding advanced degrees in mathematics who want to transition to teaching.

Out-of-State Teachers Seeking Reciprocity

West Virginia participates in the National Association of State Directors of Teacher Education and Certification (NASDTEC) Interstate Agreement, which facilitates license reciprocity for educators certified in other states.

Reciprocity Requirements: If you hold a valid teaching license from another state, you may be eligible for West Virginia certification if you:

• Hold a valid, current teaching license from another state

• Have completed an approved teacher preparation program

• Meet West Virginia's testing requirements (may need to take additional Praxis exams)

• Have recent teaching experience (requirements vary)

• Pass background checks

Important Considerations: Even with reciprocity, you may need to complete additional requirements if your out-of-state license doesn't align with West Virginia's standards. Some educators may need to take supplementary coursework or additional exams.

Praxis Exam Requirements for West Virginia Math Teachers

All teacher candidates in West Virginia must pass specific Praxis examinations to demonstrate content knowledge and professional teaching skills. The required exams vary depending on your target grade level and teaching specialization.

Core Academic Skills for Educators (Praxis Core)

Exam Overview: The Praxis Core Academic Skills for Educators tests assess basic skills in reading, writing, and mathematics. West Virginia requires most teacher candidates to pass these foundational assessments before entering a teacher preparation program or receiving initial licensure.

Three Test Components:

• Praxis Core Reading (5713): 56 selected-response questions in 85 minutes, measuring reading comprehension and analysis skills

• Praxis Core Writing (5723): 40 selected-response questions and 2 essay tasks in 100 minutes, assessing grammar, usage, and written expression

• Praxis Core Mathematics (5733): 56 selected-response questions in 85 minutes, testing number and quantity, algebra, geometry, and statistics/probability

West Virginia Passing Scores: West Virginia sets specific minimum scores for Praxis Core tests. While these scores can change, recent requirements include:

• Reading: 156

• Writing: 162

• Mathematics: 150

Exemptions: Some candidates may be exempt from Praxis Core requirements if they meet alternative criteria, such as achieving qualifying SAT, ACT, or GRE scores, or holding an advanced degree. Check with the West Virginia Department of Education for current exemption policies.

Mathematics Content Knowledge Tests

Beyond the Praxis Core, mathematics teachers must demonstrate subject-matter expertise through specialized content assessments. The specific test required depends on the grade levels you intend to teach.

Middle School Mathematics (5164)

Who Needs This Exam: Candidates seeking certification to teach mathematics in grades 5-9 must pass the Praxis Middle School Mathematics test.

Exam Format: This computer-delivered test contains 55 selected-response questions and must be completed within 2 hours. The test assesses both mathematical content knowledge and the ability to apply that knowledge in teaching contexts.

Content Categories:

Arithmetic and Number Theory (18 questions, approximately 33%): This section covers whole numbers and operations, fractions and decimals, ratios and proportions, number theory concepts including prime factorization, greatest common factors, and least common multiples, integers and rational numbers, and real number properties.

Algebra and Geometry (25 questions, approximately 45%): Topics include algebraic expressions and equations, linear equations and inequalities, systems of equations, patterns and functions, coordinate geometry, transformations, geometric figures and their properties, perimeter, area, surface area, and volume calculations, and the Pythagorean theorem and its applications.

Data, Statistics, and Probability (12 questions, approximately 22%): This section addresses data collection and representation methods, measures of central tendency and spread, interpretation of graphs and charts, basic probability concepts, counting principles and permutations/combinations, and making predictions from data.

West Virginia Passing Score: The passing score for Praxis Middle School Mathematics in West Virginia is typically 165 on the 100-200 scale. This score demonstrates that you have the mathematical knowledge necessary to teach middle-level mathematics effectively.

Mathematics: Content Knowledge (5161)

Who Needs This Exam: Candidates seeking certification to teach mathematics at the high school level (grades 9-12) must pass this more advanced mathematics content test.

Exam Format: This computer-delivered examination includes 60 selected-response questions to be completed in 2.5 hours. Questions require deeper mathematical understanding and often involve multi-step problem solving.

Content Categories:

Number and Quantity, Algebra, Functions, and Calculus (35 questions, approximately 58%): This comprehensive section includes real and complex number systems, vector and matrix quantities, algebraic expressions and equations, linear, quadratic, polynomial, and rational functions, exponential and logarithmic functions, trigonometric functions and identities, limits and continuity, derivatives and their applications, and integrals and their applications.

Geometry, Probability, and Statistics (25 questions, approximately 42%): Topics encompass coordinate geometry and transformations, Euclidean geometry including proofs, trigonometry and its applications, three-dimensional geometry, probability distributions, statistical measures and inference, correlation and regression analysis, and data analysis and interpretation.

West Virginia Passing Score: The passing score for Praxis Mathematics: Content Knowledge in West Virginia is typically 160 on the 100-200 scale, though candidates should verify current requirements with the state.

Principles of Learning and Teaching (PLT)

Exam Overview: In addition to content-specific tests, all teaching candidates in West Virginia must pass the Principles of Learning and Teaching exam appropriate for their grade-level specialization.

Grade-Level Options:

• PLT: Grades 5-9 (5623): For middle school mathematics teachers

• PLT: Grades 7-12 (5624): For secondary mathematics teachers

Exam Format: PLT exams contain 70 selected-response questions and 4 constructed-response questions based on case studies. You'll have 2 hours to complete the test.

Content Focus: These assessments evaluate your understanding of:

• Students as learners (development, motivation, learning differences)

• The instructional process (planning, implementation, assessment)

• Assessment strategies and interpretation

• Professional development and ethics

• Communication and collaboration with families and colleagues

PLT exams use realistic classroom scenarios to assess your pedagogical knowledge and decision-making abilities.

West Virginia Passing Score: The passing score for PLT exams in West Virginia is typically 160 on the 100-200 scale.

Understanding Praxis Scoring

Praxis tests use a scaled scoring system designed to ensure consistency and fairness across different test forms. Understanding how scoring works helps you interpret your results and plan effectively if you need to retake an exam.

Scaled Scoring System

Raw vs. Scaled Scores: Your raw score—the number of questions answered correctly—is converted to a scaled score ranging from 100 to 200. This conversion accounts for minor difficulty variations between different test versions, ensuring that a scaled score of 165 represents the same level of knowledge regardless of which test form you took.

No Penalty for Guessing: Since there's no penalty for incorrect answers, you should respond to every question, even if you need to make an educated guess.

Selected-Response Questions: Multiple-choice questions are scored electronically and objectively. Each question is typically worth one raw point, though some tests may weight questions differently based on difficulty or complexity.

Constructed-Response Questions: On tests like the PLT, constructed-response questions are scored by trained evaluators using detailed rubrics. These questions assess your ability to analyze teaching scenarios, apply pedagogical principles, and communicate professional judgments.

Score Reporting Timeline

When Scores Arrive: Score reporting timelines vary by test type:

• Selected-response only tests: Unofficial scores are typically available on-screen immediately after completing your test. Official score reports are available in your ETS account within 10-16 business days.

• Tests with constructed-response questions: Since these require human scoring, results take longer—typically 3-4 weeks after your test date.

Score Reports: Your official score report shows your scaled score, passing status, and performance on different content categories. For tests with constructed-response sections, you'll see individual scores for each question type.

Score Validity: Praxis scores are valid for 10 years, though some states or institutions may have different validity periods. If you're using scores earned while teaching in another state or during a previous career transition, verify that they're still current for West Virginia requirements.

Retaking the Exam

If you don't achieve the required passing score on your first attempt, you can retake Praxis exams. However, there are important restrictions:

Retake Waiting Period: You must wait 28 days (approximately one month) before retaking the same exam. This cooling-off period encourages focused preparation rather than repeated attempts without adequate study.

Annual Limit: You can take each Praxis test up to three times within a 365-day period. If you need additional attempts, you must wait until 365 days have passed since your first attempt in that series.

Strategy for Retaking: If you need to retake an exam, carefully review your score report to identify weak content areas. Focus your preparation on these specific topics, and consider using additional study resources or working with a tutor specializing in mathematics education.

Step-by-Step Certification Process

Understanding the complete certification timeline helps you plan effectively and avoid delays in launching your teaching career.

Step 1: Complete Your Bachelor's Degree

Timeline: 4 years for traditional full-time students; may vary for part-time students or those completing alternative certification

Action Items:

• Enroll in an approved teacher preparation program or complete a bachelor's degree in mathematics or a related field

• Maintain required GPA (typically 2.5 or higher overall, with higher requirements in mathematics coursework)

• Complete all mathematics content courses with strong grades

• Take education coursework including instructional methods, educational psychology, and assessment

• Participate in field experiences and observations in actual classrooms

Documentation to Maintain: Keep detailed transcripts, retain syllabi for mathematics courses (useful for reciprocity or graduate school applications), and document all field experience hours.

Step 2: Pass Required Praxis Exams

Timeline: Plan to complete Praxis testing at least 3-4 months before you need licensure

Action Items:

Praxis Core (if required):

• Create an ETS account at www.ets.org/praxis

• Register for Praxis Core tests (can take all three on the same day or separately)

• Schedule tests at least 4-6 weeks before you need scores

• Prepare using official ETS materials and practice tests

• Take tests and await scores

Content Knowledge Tests:

• Register for the appropriate mathematics content test (5164 for middle school, 5161 for high school)

• Allow 8-10 weeks of focused preparation time

• Schedule your test date strategically, allowing time for a potential retake if needed

• Review all content areas systematically

• Take full-length practice tests under timed conditions

PLT Test:

• Register for the appropriate PLT exam for your grade level

• Study pedagogical principles and practice analyzing case studies

• Take the test, typically during your final semester of teacher preparation or after completing education coursework

Cost Considerations: Budget approximately $150-$180 per test. Total testing costs typically range from $450-$750 depending on how many exams you need and whether you require retakes.

Step 3: Complete Student Teaching or Mentored Teaching Experience

Timeline: One semester (12-16 weeks) for traditional student teaching; ongoing for alternative certification candidates

Traditional Student Teaching:

• Apply for student teaching placement through your university

• Complete required pre-placement paperwork including background checks and health screenings

• Attend all orientation sessions

• Work closely with your cooperating teacher (mentor)

• Gradually assume full teaching responsibilities

• Complete all required observations and evaluations

• Document your teaching through lesson plans, assessments, and reflective journals

Alternative Certification Mentorship:

• Secure a teaching position under a transitional license

• Work with an assigned mentor teacher in your building or district

• Participate in required professional development

• Complete education coursework while teaching

• Document professional growth and teaching effectiveness

Key Success Factors: Be professional and punctual, seek feedback actively and implement suggestions, develop strong relationships with students, communicate regularly with supervisors, and reflect on your practice continuously.

Step 4: Apply for West Virginia Teaching License

Timeline: Allow 4-8 weeks for application processing

Application Process:

1. Create an Account: Access the West Virginia Department of Education's online licensure system (WVEIS – West Virginia Education Information System) or the designated licensure application portal.

2. Complete Application: Provide detailed information about your education, testing scores, work history, and references.

3. Submit Documentation:

   • Official transcripts from all institutions attended (must be sent directly from institutions or through authorized electronic transcript services)

   • Praxis score reports (automatically sent to West Virginia if you designated state code 7890 when registering)

   • Verification of completion of approved teacher preparation program

   • Criminal background check results

   • Application fee (typically $40-$75)

4. Background Check: Complete fingerprinting and background screening through West Virginia's approved vendor. This is separate from any university background checks.

5. Await Review: The Office of Professional Preparation reviews all applications to ensure you meet requirements.

6. Receive License: Once approved, you'll receive your initial teaching license, typically valid for five years.

Important Notes: Begin the application process early, ideally 2-3 months before you need your license. Incomplete applications or missing documentation cause significant delays. Double-check that all transcripts have been sent and Praxis scores have been reported correctly.

Step 5: Secure a Teaching Position

Timeline: Varies; many teachers begin job searching during their final semester

Job Search Strategies:

RESA Job Boards: West Virginia's Regional Education Service Agencies (RESAs) maintain job boards listing teaching positions across their regions. All eight RESAs serve specific counties and provide employment resources.

County Board of Education Websites: Each of West Virginia's 55 counties operates its own school system. Visit individual county board websites to view openings and application procedures.

College Career Services: Your teacher preparation program likely offers job placement assistance, resume reviews, and mock interview opportunities.

Professional Networks: Join professional organizations like the West Virginia Council of Teachers of Mathematics (WVCTM) to network with mathematics educators.

Application Materials:

• Polished resume highlighting mathematics education, relevant coursework, student teaching experience, and any mathematics-related work or volunteer activities

• Compelling cover letter customized for each position, emphasizing your passion for mathematics education and commitment to student success

• Professional reference list including cooperating teachers, university supervisors, and mathematics professors

• Teaching portfolio showcasing lesson plans, student work samples, and evidence of teaching effectiveness

Interview Preparation: Practice answering common interview questions, prepare to teach a demonstration lesson, research the school district's mathematics curriculum and initiatives, and develop questions to ask interviewers about school culture, professional development, and support for new teachers.

Frequently Asked Questions

How long does it take to become a math teacher in West Virginia?

Most candidates complete the process in about four to five years, including a bachelor’s degree and teacher preparation program. Alternative routes may take less time.

What degree do you need to be a math teacher in WV?

A bachelor’s degree in math education, mathematics, or a related field is required, along with approved teacher preparation coursework.

How do you get a West Virginia math teaching license?

You must complete an approved degree program, student teaching, pass required Praxis exams, and apply through the West Virginia Department of Education.

Can you become a math teacher in WV without an education degree?

Yes. Alternative teacher certification programs allow candidates with non-education degrees to qualify, provided they complete required training and exams.

What Praxis exams are required for math teachers in West Virginia?

Requirements typically include a Praxis math subject exam aligned to your teaching level and, in some cases, Praxis Core.

How much do math teachers make in West Virginia?

Salaries vary by district, education level, and experience, but math teachers enjoy consistent demand and long-term career stability.

Conclusion: Teaching Math in West Virginia Schools

Learning how to become a math teacher in West Virginia may seem complex at first, but breaking it into clear steps makes the process manageable. With the right degree, a completed teacher preparation program, and successful Praxis exam performance, you can earn your WV teaching license and begin a meaningful career in education.

With focused preparation and the right mindset, passing your Praxis exams—and becoming a certified math teacher in WV—is an achievable goal.