How to Become a Math Teacher in Virginia

Becoming a math teacher in Virginia is a rewarding path for individuals passionate about education, problem-solving, and shaping young minds. Whether your goal is to teach middle school or become a high school math teacher in Virginia, the process follows a clear—but multi-step—licensure pathway regulated by the Virginia Department of Education (VDOE).

This guide explains how to become a math teacher in Virginia, including degree requirements, Praxis math exam expectations, teacher preparation programs, licensure options, and practical tips to help you move through the process with confidence.

Overview: Math Teacher Certification in Virginia

To teach math in Virginia public schools, you must hold a Virginia teaching license with a mathematics endorsement. This typically involves:

• Earning an approved bachelor’s degree

• Completing a teacher preparation program in Virginia (or an approved equivalent)

• Passing the required Praxis exams

• Applying for an Initial Teaching License through the VDOE

Virginia offers both traditional and alternative routes to licensure, making the process accessible for recent graduates, career changers, and out-of-state teachers.

Understanding Virginia’s Teacher Licensure System

Virginia operates under a tiered licensure system administered by the Virginia Department of Education (VDOE). The system is designed to support teachers at different career stages while maintaining rigorous professional standards.

Types of Teaching Licenses in Virginia

Provisional License

This initial license is typically issued to candidates who have completed a teacher preparation program but haven’t yet finished all requirements for full licensure. It’s valid for three years and non-renewable, giving new teachers time to complete student teaching, pass required assessments, and gain classroom experience.

Collegiate Professional License

This is the standard renewable teaching license in Virginia, valid for five years. It requires completion of an approved teacher preparation program, passing scores on required Praxis exams, and fulfillment of all VDOE requirements. This license can be renewed indefinitely as long as you complete continuing education requirements.

Postgraduate Professional License

Available to experienced teachers who have completed additional graduate-level coursework or a master’s degree, this license represents the highest level of professional achievement and is also renewable every five years.

What Math Endorsements Are Available?

Virginia offers several mathematics teaching endorsements depending on the grade levels and specialized areas you wish to teach:

• Mathematics – Elementary/Middle Education (Grades PreK-6 or PreK-8): Allows you to teach mathematics as part of a general elementary or middle school curriculum

• Mathematics (Grades 6-12): The standard secondary mathematics endorsement for middle and high school

• Advanced Mathematics (Grades 6-12): For teachers who want to specialize in upper-level courses like calculus, statistics, and advanced algebra

Each endorsement has specific coursework and testing requirements that align with the grade levels and content depth you’ll be teaching.

Virginia Math Teacher Certification Requirements

Becoming a math teacher in Virginia requires meeting several interconnected requirements. Understanding each component helps you plan your path efficiently.

1. Educational Requirements

Bachelor’s Degree

You must hold at least a bachelor’s degree from a regionally accredited institution. While many math teachers major in mathematics, related fields such as applied mathematics, statistics, engineering, or physics may also qualify, especially if you complete additional coursework.

Teacher Preparation Program

Virginia requires completion of an approved teacher preparation program that includes:

• Pedagogical coursework covering teaching methods, classroom management, educational psychology, and assessment strategies

• Content-specific methodology courses focused on mathematics instruction

• Foundations courses addressing diverse learners, special education, and educational technology

• Reading instruction courses (particularly for elementary endorsements)

Mathematics Content Coursework

For a secondary mathematics endorsement (grades 6-12), you typically need:

• Calculus sequence (Calculus I, II, and III)

• Linear algebra

• Abstract algebra or modern algebra

• Geometry (including Euclidean and potentially non-Euclidean geometry)

• Probability and statistics

• Differential equations (for advanced mathematics endorsement)

• History and foundations of mathematics

• Mathematical modeling or applied mathematics

The exact requirements vary by institution, but expect 30-42 semester hours of mathematics coursework for a secondary endorsement.

2. Student Teaching Experience

All initial licensure candidates must complete a supervised student teaching experience, typically lasting one full semester (12-16 weeks). During this practicum, you’ll:

• Work under the supervision of a cooperating teacher in an actual classroom setting

• Gradually assume teaching responsibilities, eventually managing full instructional duties

• Receive regular observations and feedback from both your cooperating teacher and university supervisor

• Demonstrate competency in lesson planning, instruction, assessment, and classroom management

• Complete required documentation and performance assessments

Student teaching is usually the final component of your preparation program and provides invaluable real-world experience before you lead your own classroom.

3. Praxis Examination Requirements

Virginia requires passing scores on specific Praxis exams to demonstrate content knowledge and pedagogical competence.

For Mathematics (Grades 6-12) Endorsement:

• Praxis Mathematics: Content Knowledge (5161): This comprehensive exam assesses your understanding of mathematical concepts, procedures, and reasoning across algebra, geometry, calculus, statistics, and discrete mathematics. The passing score in Virginia is 160.

For All Teaching Candidates:

• Praxis Core Academic Skills for Educators (if required): Some preparation programs require demonstrating basic proficiency in reading, writing, and mathematics before admission. Individual test passing scores are 156 (Reading), 162 (Writing), and 150 (Mathematics).

• Virginia Reading Assessment (VRA): All candidates for an initial license must pass the VRA, which assesses knowledge of evidence-based reading instruction. This requirement ensures all teachers, regardless of content area, can support literacy development.

For Elementary/Middle Mathematics Endorsements:

If pursuing an elementary education license with mathematics endorsement, you’ll take different Praxis exams:

• Praxis Elementary Education: Multiple Subjects (5001): Includes subtests in reading/language arts, mathematics, social studies, and science

• Praxis Elementary Education: Mathematics Subtest (5003): Can be taken separately if not taking the full multiple subjects exam

Always verify current testing requirements with VDOE, as exam requirements occasionally change. You can take Praxis exams before, during, or after your preparation program, though most candidates take content exams toward the end of their coursework.

4. Background Check and Other Requirements

Criminal Background Check

All teacher candidates must complete a comprehensive criminal background check through the Virginia State Police and the FBI. This includes fingerprinting and a review of both state and national records. Certain criminal convictions may disqualify candidates from licensure.

Child Abuse and Neglect Registry Check

Virginia requires verification that you’re not listed on the Child Abuse and Neglect Registry, ensuring the safety of students in your care.

Professional References

You’ll need to provide professional references from individuals who can speak to your character, work ethic, and suitability for teaching. These typically include college professors, cooperating teachers, or professional supervisors.

CPR and First Aid Certification

While not always required for initial licensure, many school districts prefer or require teachers to hold current CPR and first aid certification.

Traditional Path: Teacher Preparation Programs in Virginia

The most common route to becoming a math teacher in Virginia is completing a state-approved teacher preparation program at a college or university. Virginia has numerous excellent programs offering either undergraduate or graduate pathways.

Undergraduate Programs (Bachelor’s Degree)

If you’re beginning your college education or early in your undergraduate career, consider enrolling in a teacher preparation program that culminates in both a bachelor’s degree and teacher licensure eligibility.

Typical Timeline: 4 years

Structure: These programs integrate general education requirements, mathematics content courses, education coursework, and student teaching into a cohesive four-year plan. You’ll graduate with a bachelor’s degree in mathematics education or a related field and be eligible to apply for your Collegiate Professional License.

Benefits:

• Streamlined pathway with clear progression

• Built-in advising and support throughout

• Cohort experience with peers pursuing teaching

• Earlier exposure to classroom settings through field experiences

• Often more affordable than post-baccalaureate programs

Post-Baccalaureate Programs

If you already hold a bachelor’s degree in mathematics or a related field, post-baccalaureate programs provide an accelerated pathway to teacher certification.

Typical Timeline: 1-2 years

Structure: These programs focus exclusively on education coursework, teaching methods, and student teaching since you’ve already completed content requirements. Some are designed as intensive one-year programs, while others allow part-time completion over two years.

Benefits:

• Faster pathway for career changers

• Leverages existing content knowledge

• Often more flexible scheduling options

• Can sometimes complete while working

Master’s Degree Programs with Initial Licensure

Some universities offer Master of Arts in Teaching (MAT) or Master of Education (M.Ed.) programs designed for career changers or individuals with non-education bachelor’s degrees.

Typical Timeline: 2-3 years (full-time) or 3-4 years (part-time)

Structure: These programs combine initial teacher licensure preparation with graduate-level coursework, resulting in both teaching certification and a master’s degree.

Benefits:

• Earns both certification and advanced degree simultaneously

• Positions you for higher salary placement

• Provides deeper exploration of educational theory and research

• May include specialization options (educational technology, special education, etc.)

• Graduate credits count toward future license renewal

How to Choose a Program

When selecting a teacher preparation program, consider:

• Accreditation: Ensure the program is approved by VDOE and accredited by recognized bodies like CAEP (Council for the Accreditation of Educator Preparation)

• Pass Rates: Research the program’s Praxis pass rates and job placement statistics

• Location and Student Teaching: Consider where you’ll complete student teaching and whether the program has partnerships with school divisions you’re interested in

• Program Format: Determine whether you need full-time, part-time, or hybrid/online options

• Cost and Financial Aid: Compare tuition, fees, and available financial assistance

• Support Services: Look for programs offering strong academic advising, test preparation support, and career services

Alternative Routes to Math Teacher Certification in Virginia

Virginia recognizes that talented individuals come to teaching through diverse pathways. If you don’t have time for a traditional preparation program or already possess strong mathematics expertise, alternative routes may be appropriate.

Career Switcher Program

Virginia’s Career Switcher Program is designed for individuals who hold a bachelor’s degree in any field and want to transition into teaching. This alternative route is particularly popular among professionals with mathematics, engineering, or science backgrounds.

Eligibility Requirements:

• Bachelor’s degree from a regionally accredited institution

• Minimum five years of full-time professional work experience (documented)

• Content coursework appropriate to the endorsement area (assessed case-by-case)

Program Structure: Career Switcher programs are offered by VDOE-approved providers and typically include:

• Intensive summer coursework (often 180-360 hours)

• Mentored teaching experience in a classroom setting

• Ongoing professional development during the first year of teaching

• Support from experienced educators

Timeline: The initial training phase is typically completed in one summer (6-8 weeks), followed by employment in a teaching position with continued mentoring support.

Benefits:

• Accelerated entry into the classroom

• Earn a salary while completing requirements

• Leverages professional experience

• Intensive, practical focus

Considerations:

• Requires finding a teaching position while completing licensure

• More intensive timeline with less flexibility

• May need to complete additional coursework after the program

• Still requires passing all Praxis exams and background checks

Provisional License Pathway

In shortage areas—and mathematics often qualifies—school divisions may employ individuals on a Provisional License who haven’t completed all traditional requirements but demonstrate strong content knowledge.

How It Works: You secure employment with a Virginia school division, which requests a Provisional License on your behalf. While teaching, you complete remaining requirements such as:

• Pedagogical coursework

• Praxis exams

• Mentoring programs

• Other VDOE requirements

Timeline: The Provisional License is valid for three years and non-renewable, so you must complete all requirements within that timeframe to convert to a Collegiate Professional License.

Best For: Individuals with strong mathematics backgrounds (degree in mathematics, engineering, or related fields) who are offered teaching positions in districts facing teacher shortages.

Teaching with an Out-of-State License

If you already hold a valid teaching license from another state, Virginia offers a streamlined pathway to certification through reciprocity and licensure by endorsement.

Full Reciprocity: Teachers licensed in other states through NASDTEC Interstate Agreement states may qualify for Virginia licensure without additional testing, provided they:

• Hold a valid, current license in good standing

• Meet Virginia’s recency requirements (taught within the last five years)

• Have comparable endorsements to Virginia’s structure

• Complete Virginia-specific requirements (child abuse/neglect training, etc.)

Licensure by Endorsement: If your out-of-state license doesn’t qualify for full reciprocity, you may still obtain Virginia licensure by:

• Demonstrating equivalent preparation and experience

• Passing any required Praxis exams not completed in your previous state

• Meeting Virginia-specific requirements

Process: Submit an application through VDOE’s online licensure system, providing transcripts, verification of out-of-state licensure, and any required documentation. VDOE evaluates your credentials and determines what, if any, additional requirements you need to fulfill.

How to Become a Math Teacher in Virginia: Steps

Step 1: Earn the Required Degree

What Degree Do You Need to Be a Math Teacher in Virginia?

To qualify for math teacher certification in Virginia, you must hold at least a bachelor’s degree from an accredited institution.

Common degree paths include:

• Bachelor’s in Mathematics

• Bachelor’s in Mathematics Education

• Bachelor’s in Secondary Education with a Math Concentration

Your coursework must align with the Virginia math teacher endorsement requirements, which emphasize content knowledge in algebra, geometry, statistics, and higher-level mathematics.

Step 2: Complete a Teacher Preparation Program

Teacher Preparation Programs in Virginia

Most candidates must complete a state-approved teacher preparation program, which includes:

• Pedagogical coursework

• Supervised student teaching requirements in Virginia

• Classroom management and instructional strategy training

If you already hold a bachelor’s degree in math but did not complete an education program, you may qualify for an alternative route to licensure in Virginia, such as a post-baccalaureate or career-switcher program.

Step 3: Pass the Required Praxis Exams

Is the Praxis Required to Teach Math in Virginia?

Yes. The Praxis is a core requirement for Virginia math teacher certification. Most candidates must pass:

• Praxis Core Academic Skills for Educators (some exemptions apply)

• Praxis Mathematics Subject Assessment is appropriate to the grade level you plan to teach

These exams confirm both foundational academic skills and subject-matter competence.

Praxis Math Exam Overview (Virginia)

What Is the Praxis Mathematics Exam?

The Praxis Mathematics exam assesses whether prospective teachers have the math knowledge needed for classroom instruction. Virginia uses Praxis exams as part of its licensure standards to ensure teacher readiness.

Exam Format & Structure

While the exact exam depends on grade level, most Praxis math exams include:

• Selected-response (multiple-choice) questions

• Constructed-response questions

• Computer-based testing format

• A timed testing session is administered at official test centers

The exam focuses on both conceptual understanding and applied problem-solving.

Praxis Math Content Areas

Although content varies slightly by exam, candidates can expect coverage in areas such as:

Algebra and Functions

• Linear and quadratic equations

• Functions and graphs

• Systems of equations

Geometry and Measurement

• Plane and solid geometry

• Trigonometry basics

• Measurement concepts and applications

Statistics and Probability

• Data analysis

• Probability models

• Statistical reasoning

Mathematical Reasoning

• Problem-solving strategies

• Logical reasoning

• Real-world applications

Understanding these categories helps you create a focused and effective study plan.

Scoring and Passing Requirements

Praxis exams are scored on a scaled scoring system. Passing score requirements are set by the Virginia Department of Education and may vary by exam and endorsement area.

Important points to know:

• Raw scores are converted to scaled scores

• Virginia sets its own passing standards

• Official score reports are typically available several weeks after testing

Always verify current passing requirements when applying for licensure.

Step 4: Apply for a Virginia Teaching License

Initial Teaching License, Virginia

Most new teachers apply for the Initial Teaching License, which is valid for a limited period and designed for early-career educators.

The application process includes:

• Completed licensure application

• Official transcripts

• Praxis score reports

• Verification of student teaching or preparation program completion

• Background check for teachers in Virginia

Once issued, the Initial License can later be advanced to a Collegiate Professional License in Virginia with additional experience and professional development.

Study and Preparation Tips for Praxis Math Exams

Preparing for the Praxis can feel overwhelming, especially under time pressure. These strategies can help:

• Review the exam content categories before studying

• Focus on weak math areas first

• Practice solving problems under timed conditions

• Use full-length practice tests to build stamina

• Analyze mistakes to identify patterns

Consistent, targeted practice is more effective than last-minute cramming.

Test-Day Strategies

On exam day, confidence and preparation go hand in hand:

• Arrive early with valid identification

• Read each question carefully—watch for qualifiers

• Manage your time; don’t get stuck on one problem

• Answer easier questions first, then return to harder ones

• Stay calm and focused throughout the test

Remember: the Praxis is designed to measure readiness, not perfection.

Frequently Asked Questions

What degree do you need to be a math teacher in Virginia?

You need at least a bachelor’s degree from an accredited institution, typically in mathematics or a closely related field, along with an approved teacher preparation program.

Is the Praxis required to teach math in Virginia?

Yes. Most candidates must pass Praxis exams, including a mathematics subject test, to meet Virginia teacher certification requirements.

How much do math teachers make in Virginia?

Math teacher salaries in Virginia vary based on district, experience, and education level. Compensation is generally aligned with statewide public school salary schedules.

Can out-of-state teachers get certified in Virginia?

Yes. Virginia offers licensure by endorsement, allowing qualified out-of-state teachers to apply for a Virginia teaching license, often with additional requirements.

Conclusion: Your Path to Teaching Math in Virginia

Learning how to become a math teacher in Virginia is the first step toward a meaningful and impactful career. By earning the right degree, completing an approved preparation program, passing the Praxis math exam, and navigating the VDOE licensure process, you can confidently move toward the classroom.

With structured preparation and a clear understanding of the requirements, passing your exams—and earning your Virginia teaching license—is an achievable goal.